1. T1595 – Active Scanning (Palo Alto Detection)

Palo Alto Alert Details

Alert ID: PAN-THREAT-78945-ACTIVESCAN
Alert Time: 2024-02-08 09:15:22 EST
Severity: MEDIUM (65/100)
Source: Palo Alto Networks Threat Prevention Logs
Rule: “Reconnaissance – Port Scan Detected”
MITRE ATT&CK: T1595.001 – Active Scanning (Port Scan)

Alert Details:

Threat Type: Port Scan

Application: nmap / masscan

Direction: External to Internal

Source IP: 203.0.113.89 (DigitalOcean – Singapore)

Destination Range: Internal IP space (192.168.0.0/16)

Action: ALERT (not blocked due to scan detection policy)

Log Details:

– Time: 09:10 – 09:15 EST

– Packets: 12,847

– Source Ports: Random (1024-65535)

– Destination Ports scanned: 21,22,23,25,53,80,110,111,135,139,143,443,445,993,995,1723,3306,3389,5432,5900,8080,8443

– Scan Type: TCP SYN stealth scan

– Pattern: Sequential port scan across multiple hosts

Additional Context:

– Source IP 203.0.113.89 has no previous legitimate business connections

– Geolocation mismatch: Singapore IP scanning US-based corporate network

– Threat intelligence: IP associated with known scanning campaigns (Recorded Future score: 65/malicious)

SOC Investigation Process

StepActionTools UsedFindings
1. Alert ValidationVerify scan pattern, source IP reputationPalo Alto Panorama, Recorded FutureConfirmed sequential port scan across /16 range
2. Source AnalysisInvestigate attacker infrastructureShodan, GreyNoise, VirusTotalIP part of known scanning botnet; hosting scanned same IPs at other companies
3. Impact AssessmentCheck if any connections succeededPalo Alto Logs, ZeekAll connections dropped by firewall; no successful sessions
4. Internal HuntingCheck if any internal host respondedSplunk ES, Zeek conn.logNo successful connections; firewall blocked all
5. ContainmentBlock attacker IP and related rangesPalo Alto (Dynamic Block List)Added IP to external threat feed blocklist
6. PreventionUpdate IPS signatures for scan detectionPalo Alto Threat PreventionEnabled stricter scan detection policies

Jira Incident Report

Ticket: SOC-2024-040
Summary: T1595 – External Active Scanning Detected from Singapore-based IP
Status: RESOLVED
Resolution: RECONNAISSANCE – No Compromise
Priority: P3 – LOW
Labels: T1595, active-scanning, port-scan, reconnaissance, external-threat
Components: Network-Security, Threat-Intelligence


INCIDENT ANALYSIS REPORT

1. Initial Context:

  • Detection Source: Palo Alto Networks Threat Prevention logs.
  • Alert: “Reconnaissance – Port Scan Detected”.
  • Source IP: 203.0.113.89 (DigitalOcean, Singapore).
  • Time: 2024-02-08 09:10-09:15 EST.
  • Technique: MITRE ATT&CK T1595.001 – Active Scanning (port scan).

2. Technical Analysis:

  • Scan Details:
  • Tool: TCP SYN stealth scan (likely nmap or masscan).
  • Target: Internal network 192.168.0.0/16 (all internal subnets).
  • Ports Scanned: 22 common ports (SSH, HTTP, HTTPS, SMB, RDP, SQL, etc.).
  • Duration: 5 minutes.
  • Packets: 12,847.
  • Pattern: Sequential port scan across multiple hosts (horizontal sweep).
  • Source Analysis:
  • IP: 203.0.113.89 – DigitalOcean cloud hosting (Singapore).
  • Reputation: Recorded Future score 65/malicious; associated with scanning campaigns.
  • History: Same IP scanned 14 other companies in past 30 days.
  • GreyNoise: Classified as “internet background noise” – scanner.
  • Impact Assessment:
  • All scan traffic blocked by firewall ingress ACLs.
  • No successful connections established.
  • No data exfiltration.
  • No internal hosts compromised.

3. Investigation Findings:

  • Timeline:

09:10:15 – First scan packet detected (SYN to port 22, host 192.168.1.1)

09:12:30 – Scan pattern escalates to multiple hosts/ports

09:15:00 – Palo Alto threshold exceeded, alert generated

09:15:22 – SOC notified via Splunk correlation

09:20:00 – Source IP analysis initiated

09:30:00 – IP added to blocklist

  • Indicators of Compromise (IoCs):

Network:

– Source IP: 203.0.113.89

– Scan Pattern: TCP SYN to ports 21,22,23,25,53,80,110,111,135,139,143,443,445,993,995,1723,3306,3389,5432,5900,8080,8443

4. Containment Actions:

  • Immediate Containment:
  • Added source IP to Palo Alto dynamic block list.
  • Updated firewall policies to drop all traffic from IP.
  • Prevention:
  • Enabled stricter scan detection signatures.
  • Added IP to threat intelligence feed for all security tools.

5. Root Cause Analysis:

  • Primary Cause: External attacker conducting internet-wide reconnaissance.
  • Contributing Factors: None (attack was blocked at perimeter).

6. Business Impact: NONE – All traffic blocked.

7. Remediation & Prevention:

Completed Actions:

  • checkedIP blocked at firewall.
  • checkedScan detection signatures updated.
  • checkedThreat intelligence feed updated.

8. Conclusion:

This was an external reconnaissance scan targeting our network perimeter. All traffic was successfully blocked by firewall ingress policies. No compromise occurred.

Closure Rationale: No evidence of successful connections; attacker blocked.

Analyst: [Walter White], SOC Analyst
Date: 2024-02-08 10:30 EST

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